Journal Articles
Always include the DOI if available. For articles accessed from the library database with no DOI, do not include a URL. Otherwise, include the URL if the source was accessed from a website.
Journal Article
Formula
Author, A. (Year). Title of article. Title of Journal, volume(issue), page # - page #. DOI or URL (if available)
Example - With a DOI
Shipley, M. (2002). Fibromyalgia. Rheumatology 2, Medicine, 30(9), 81-84. https://doi.org/10.1383/medc.30.9.81.28241
Smokowski, P. R., & Kopasz, K. H. (2005). Bullying in schools: An overview of types, effects, family characteristics, and intervention strategies. Children & Schools, 27(2), 100-110. https://doi.org/10.1093/cs/27.2.101
Example - With a URL
Skiffington, S., Washburn, S., & Elliot, K. (2011). Instructional coaching: Helping preschool teachers reach their full potential. Young Children, 66(3), 36-41. http://www.naeyc.org/files/yc/file/201105/Teachers_Full_Potential_OnlineMay2011.pdf
Example - With an Article Number
Hentea, C., Cheng, E. R., Bauer, N. S., & Mueller, E. L. (2018). Parent‐centered communication at time of pediatric cancer diagnosis: A systematic review. Pediatric Blood & Cancer, 65(8), Article e27070. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.27070
Example - Without a DOI. Accessed from a Library Database, or in Print
Vermeyden, A., & Mohamed, E. (2020). Making Canada Home: Snapshots of Syrian and Iraqi Newcomer Cultural Production in the Waterloo Region, 2016-2019. Refuge, 36(1), 30-39.
Article from the UpToDate Database
Articles in the UpToDate database are only available there. These references include a retrieval statement because the information in these articles changes.
Formula
Author, A. (Year). Title of article. Title of Database. Retrieval statement.
Example
Morey, M. C., & Hall, K. S. (2025). Physical activity and exercise in older adults. UpToDate. Retrieved March 26, 2025, from https://www.uptodate.com/contents/physical-activity-and-exercise-in-older-adults